MMAC-Plus™ 9T122-24
Three Port Token Ring
MicroLAN™ Switch Module
User’s Guide
Notice
FCC Notice
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital
device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.
This equipment uses, generates, and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed in
accordance with the operator’s manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user
will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
WARNING: Changes or modifications made to this device which are not expressly approved by the
party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.
VCCI Notice
This equipment is in the 1st Class Category (information equipment to be used in commercial and/or
industrial areas) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference
by Information Technology Equipment (VCCI) aimed at preventing radio interference in commercial
and/or industrial areas.
Consequently, when used in a residential area or in an adjacent area thereto, radio interference may be
caused to radios and TV receivers, etc.
Read the instructions for correct handling.
ii
Notice
DOC Notice
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital
apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of
Communications.
Le présent appareil numérique n’émet pas de bruits radioélectriques dépassant les limites applicables
aux appareils numériques de la class A prescrites dans le Règlement sur le brouillage radioélectrique
édicté par le ministère des Communications du Canada.
iii
Contents
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Introduction
Features........................................................................................................................... 1-1
Related Manuals............................................................................................................ 1-4
Getting Help .................................................................................................................. 1-4
Installation
Installing the MicroLAN Module............................................................................... 2-1
The Reset Switch ........................................................................................................... 2-3
User Accessible Components ...................................................................................... 2-4
Setting the Module Card DIP Switch ......................................................................... 2-5
Ring Speed ..................................................................................................................... 2-7
Multi-Ring Out Capability........................................................................................... 2-7
Chapter 3
Operation
Bridging.......................................................................................................................... 3-1
Transparent Bridging............................................................................................. 3-2
Source Route Bridging .......................................................................................... 3-2
Spanning Tree Algorithm...................................................................................... 3-3
Flexible Network Bus (FNB)........................................................................................ 3-4
System Management Buses ......................................................................................... 3-4
SMB-1 Bus............................................................................................................... 3-4
SMB-10 Bus............................................................................................................. 3-4
System Diagnostic Controller...................................................................................... 3-5
DC/DC Converter ........................................................................................................ 3-5
FNB Interface................................................................................................................. 3-5
i960 Core......................................................................................................................... 3-5
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
LANVIEW LEDs
Specifications
Safety............................................................................................................................... 5-1
Service............................................................................................................................. 5-1
Physical........................................................................................................................... 5-2
Dimensions ............................................................................................................. 5-2
Weight...................................................................................................................... 5-2
Electrical ......................................................................................................................... 5-2
v
Chapter 1
Introduction
Token Ring bridge and router module. This module supports either one token
ring with twenty four HUB connections, or two separate Token Rings with twelve
HUB connections, and an interface to the FNB backplane.
Features
Processor
The 9T122-24 is equipped with an advanced Intel i960 microprocessor. This
microprocessor provides a platform for all management functions within a
scalable RISC-based architecture.
System Management
Interfaces to the two System Management Buses (SMB-1 and SMB-10) for
intermodule management.
Connectivity
The 9T122-24 provides twenty four RJ-45 Trunk Coupling Unit (TCU) lobe
connectors. The connectors may be configured as one twenty four port ring
(default) or two twelve ports rings.
Bridging/Routing
Bridging/Routing between the front panel Token Ring connections and/or to any
other module in the chassis via FNB -1 or FNB -2 of the FNB bus. The module is
capable of Transparent Bridging or Source Route Bridging. IEEE 802.1d Spanning
Tree Protocol is supported in all bridging functions. Translational bridging
between Source Routing and Transparent Frames types is also performed.
1-1
Introduction
Management Information Base (MIB) Support
The 9T122-24 module provides MIB support including:
•
•
•
•
•
IETF MIB II (RFC 1213)
IETF RMON MIB (RFC 1271 and 1513)
IETF Bridge MIBs (RFC 1493 and 1525)
IEEE 802.5 Token Ring MIB (RFC 1231)
Cabletron Enterprise MIBs
For a complete list of supported MIBs, refer to the release notes provided in
the module package.
NOTE
Ring Security
This feature prevents unauthorized stations from attaching to the ring. Using
Local or Remote Management, the module may be configured as to which MAC
addresses are allowed to operate on the ring.
Multi-Ring Out Capability
With this feature any port of the module may be configured as a ring-out port
through management software. In this configuration a stand-alone passive
concentrator (such as an IBM 8228 MAU) may be added to the ring.
Telnet
A telnet session can be set up with the module to provide access to the Local
Management screens.
LANVIEW LEDs
The 9T122-24 use LANVIEW – the Cabletron Systems built-in visual diagnostic
and status monitoring system. With LANVIEW LEDs, you can quickly identify
the device, port, and physical layer status at a glance.
Hot Swapping
The 9T122-24 can be installed or removed from the chassis while the MMAC-Plus
is powered up without affecting the operation of the remaining modules in the
chassis.
1-2
Introduction
Related Manuals
The manuals listed below should be used to supplement the procedures and
technical data contained in this manual.
MMAC-Plus Installation Guide
MMAC-Plus Operations Guide
MMAC-Plus 9C300-1 Environmental Module User’s Guide
MMAC-Plus 9C214-1 AC Power Supply User’s Guide
MMAC-Plus Local Management User’s Guide
Getting Help
If you need additional support with the MMAC-Plus, or if you have any
questions, comments or suggestions concerning this manual, feel free to contact
Cabletron Systems Technical Support:
By phone:
(603) 332-9400
By CompuServe:
By Internet mail:
By mail:
GO CTRON from any ! prompt
Cabletron Systems, Inc.
P.O. Box 5005
Rochester, NH 03867-0505
1-4
Chapter 2
Installation
Installing the MicroLAN Module
The MMAC-Plus MicroLAN Module may be installed into any of the 14 slots that
are available. To install, follow the steps below:
1. Switch off the power supplies and remove all power from the MMAC-Plus
chassis.
2. Remove the blank panels, covering the slots that the module is being
mounted in. All other slots must be covered, if modules are not being
installed, to ensure proper airflow and cooling.
3. Carefully remove the module from the shipping box. (Save the box and
packing materials in the event the module must be reshipped.)
4. Attach one end of the ESD wrist strap packaged with the MMAC-Plus chassis
to your wrist. Plug the other end into the ESD Wrist Strap Grounding
receptacle in the lower right corner of the MMAC-Plus Chassis shown in
5. Remove the module from the plastic bag. Observe all precautions to prevent
damage from Electrostatic Discharge (ESD).
6. Carefully examine the module, checking for damage. If any damage exists,
DO NOT install the module. Contact Cabletron Systems Technical Support
immediately.
7. The modules are installed into the chassis by sliding them into slots and
Take care that the module slides in straight and engages the backplane
connectors properly. When installing the module, ensure that both circuit
cards are between the card guides, as shown in Figure 2-1. Check both the
upper and lower tracks of both cards.
2-1
The Reset Switch
The Reset Switch
The Reset switch is located on the front panel, under the top plastic tab as shown
•
•
Pressing the reset switch twice within three seconds causes the processor (i960)
to reset.
Pressing and holding the switch on for three or more seconds causes the
module to shutdown. Pressing and holding again for three seconds restarts the
module.
SNMP management may be used to disable this switch to enhance module
security.
Reset Switch
SMB
CPU
Figure 2-2. The Reset Switch
2-3
Installation
User Accessible Components
Figure 2-3 shows the various components that are accessible to the user. These
consist of an eight position dip switch (explained in the next section), replaceable
PROMs and sockets for RAM. These will be used for future upgrades.
SMB-1 PROM
i960 Processor
Flash SIMM
Socket
DIP Switch
Boot PROM
Shared Packet
Memory SIMM
Local Program Memory
SIMM Socket
Figure 2-3. User Accessible Components
2-4
Installation
See the Cautions at the end of this table.
Table 2-1. Function of DIP Switch
Switch
Function
Description
When toggled, this switch clears user-entered
passwords stored in NVRAM, and restores the
default passwords. Once reset you can use the
defaults or enter new passwords.
Clear
Password
8
1
The module uses NVRAM to store user
entered parameters such as IP addresses,
device name, etc. To reset these parameters to
the factory defaults, toggle this switch. Once
reset you can use the defaults or enter new
parameters which are stored in NVRAM when
the module is powered down, and remain
there until the switch is toggled again.
Clear
NVRAM
7
2
Toggling this switch after pulling the board
out of the MMAC-Plus, clears download
information from NVRAM and forces image
files to be downloaded from the station
configured to act as that modules’ BOOTP
server.
Force BootP
Download
6
5
4
3
2
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Ring
For Factory Use Only
For Factory Use Only
For Factory Use Only
For Factory Use Only
Off= One ring of 24 ports (factory default)
1
Configuration On = two rings of 12 ports each
1. Caution: Do not toggle Switch 8 unless you intend to reset the user
configured passwords to their factory default settings.
!
2. Caution: Do not toggle Switch 7 unless you intend to reset the user
CAUTION
parameters to the factory default settings.
2-6
Ring Speed
Ring Speed
The module defaults to a 16Mbps ring speed on all rings. This may be changed
though local management.
Multi-Ring Out Capability
Any port of the module may be configured as a ring-out port through
management software. In this configuration a stand-alone passive concentrator
allows for a star-wired network with the MMAC-Plus at the center. Consult the
MMAC-Plus Local Management Guide for information on configuring the ports.
TOKEN RING
9T122-24
9T122-24
SMB
FNB
CPU
2
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
G
R
O
U
P
1
IBM 8228™
STP Cable
Figure 2-5. Using a Ring-Out Port
2-7
Chapter 3
Operation
The 9T122-24 MicroLAN Module provides connectivity between the front panel
Token Ring(s) and the FDDI rings on the backplane (FNB-1 or FNB-2).
MMAC-Plus modules connect to either the Internal Network Bus (INB) or the
Flexible Network Bus (FNB) bus. The 9T122-24 module connects to the FNB bus.
Shown in Figure 3-1 is a block diagram of the module. The front panel may be
configured as one Token Ring (factory default) or as two rings. In the two ring
configuration, the rings function as individual networks, each with twelve ports.
Bridging/Routing may occur between these two rings and/or to any other
MMAC-Plus module via the Flexible Network Bus.
DC/DC
Converter
SMB-1
System
Diagnostic
Controller
SMB-10
Twelve
Front Panel
Connections
FNB-1 or
FNB-2
i960 PLUS Core
Twelve
Front Panel
Connections
Figure 3-1. 9T122-24 Block Diagram
Bridging
The 9T122-24 is configured for SRT bridging. It will pass SR (Source Routing)
frames between the rings and provides translation to transparent frames over the
FNB to Ethernet and FDDI modules. For information on configuring the bridging
function, see the addendum to the MMAC-Plus Local Management User’s Guide,
containing information specific to this model.
3-1
Operation
Transparent Bridging
Transparent Bridging is accomplished by building a Source Address Table (SAT)
from source MAC/physical addresses and using the SAT to make forwarding
decisions.
The 9T122-24 prevents unnecessary network traffic from passing through the
module by implementing two separate filtering processes — IEEE 802.1d or
Cabletron’s Special Filtering Database. These processes may be used individually
or in tandem.
The first process, the IEEE 802.1D filtering process, begins with the creation of a
list of local node addresses in a table (the SAT). When the 9T122-24 first goes on-
line, it initially forwards all packets across the bridge. After receiving a packet on
the bridge port, the 9T122-24 learns the address of the sending node from the
packet and stores that address in the SAT. In this manner, the bridge learns the
address of each node on each side of the bridge. The bridge then uses the
addresses stored in the table to compare the destination address of each
subsequent packet that travels to the bridge. If the destination address of a packet
resides on the bridge segment, the 9T122-24 does not forward across the Token
Ring link.
The second filtering process, the Cabletron Systems Special Filtering Database,
provides an additional step in the filter/forward decision. Through Remote
Management, you can define up to 10 additional filtering parameters for
incoming network traffic. These parameters include (but are not limited to) the:
•
•
•
•
destination address
source address
type field (protocol)
64 bytes of the data field (using a data offset)
For example, using this process, you can ensure that the 9T122-24 always filters or
forwards packets with a specific protocol or address.
Source Route Bridging
Source Route Bridging operates by transmitting frames over a designated route.
Unlike Transparent Bridging, all devices in a Source Route Bridged (SRB) network
“know” the locations of other stations within the network. Using a portion of the
MAC frame header known as the RIF (Routing Information Field), the source
device determines the route for the frames it sends.
In order for source routing to work, the source station must determine the proper
route to reach the desired destination. To accomplish this:
1. The source station sends out frames called All Route Explorer (ARE) or Single
Route Explorer (SRE) frames onto the network. All Source Route Bridges
recognize these frames and forwards them to their outbound ports.
3-2
Bridging
2. The receiving bridges append their own route information to the Route
Information Field (RIF) in the MAC frame header and transmit the frame
again.
3. Eventually, the original source device receives all of the ARE replies from the
other end stations on the network.
4. From this information, the source device can determine a desired route for
each frame it transmits.
Spanning Tree Algorithm
The 9T122-24 promotes maximum network use in multiple bridge environments.
A bridge learns the bridge topology of its network from bridge protocol data that
it receives from other bridges within the network. The bridges then apply the
Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) to select a root bridge, and then determine
primary data paths within potential data loop configurations.
Spanning Tree Algorithm is a hierarchy (or tree) of priorities that bridges establish
between themselves. This hierarchy guarantees that primary and redundant data
paths are clearly defined at all times, so that the network is continuously available
to users.
In a multiple bridge environment, one bridge in the network establishes itself as
the root bridge. As the root, this bridge has priority over all other bridges. In a
Spanning Tree, all of the bridges must determine which bridge is the root, and
then determine their own relative priority within the network.
3-3
Operation
Flexible Network Bus (FNB)
The FNB consists of two dual FDDI networks, the FNB-1 and FNB-2, providing
up to 400 Mbps of data bandwidth. These FDDI networks are 100% ANSI
FDDI-compliant supporting SMT (version 7.3), MAC, PHY, and PMD standards.
This allows the FNB to traverse multiple MMAC-Plus hubs, or connect to any
ANSI FDDI-compliant device, through standard A/B port connections, using the
FDDI repeater module.
System Management Buses
There are two management channels within the MMAC-Plus system: the SMB-1
and the SMB-10. These buses provide out-of-band management and inter-module
management communication.
SMB-1 Bus
The SMB-1 is a 1Mbs management bus located within the MMAC-Plus. This bus
is utilized by all diagnostic controllers in the system including connectivity
modules, power supply modules and the environmental module. The SMB-1
transports inter-chassis information between system components, such as power
and environmental information, as well as diagnostic messages. Periodic
loop-back test are preformed by all modules which share this bus to ensure the
validity of SMB-1. In the event a failure is detected on SMB-1, the SMB-10 may be
used as an alternate communication channel.
SMB-10 Bus
The SMB-10 is a 10Mbs management bus located within the MMAC-Plus which is
also used for inter-chassis communication of modules as well as serving as an
out-of-band management channel into the MMAC-Plus. The SMB-10 is
externalized from the chassis via an optional Ethernet Port Interface Module
(EPIM) located on the front of the Environmental Module. Through an EPIM
connection, full SNMP management of the MMAC-Plus is available out-of-band
from user data. Modules which share the SMB-10 bus periodically send out loop-
back packets to ensure the validity of SMB-10. In the event a fault is detected on
the SMB-10, the SMB-1 can be used as an alternate communication channel by the
modules.
3-4
System Diagnostic Controller
System Diagnostic Controller
This diagnostic controller is composed of a Z-80 microprocessor and it’s
supporting logic. The diagnostic controller is designed to control the power-up
sequencing of modules, monitor the 9T122-24 input and output power
parameters, keep watch over the main host processor, as well as monitor the
temperature and control the SMB LANVIEW diagnostic LED. Although the
diagnostic controller and the main host processor can operate independent of
each other if needed, they exchange information about each others status and
overall module condition. The information gathered by the diagnostic controller
is available to the network manager via local/remote management and the LCD
located on the environment module. The 9T122-24 have been designed so that in
the event of a diagnostic controller fault, the modules will continue to function.
DC/DC Converter
The DC/DC converter converts the 48 VDC on the system power bus to the
necessary operating voltages for its host network services module. The diagnostic
controller controls the operation of the DC/DC converter.
FNB Interface
MMAC-Plus modules are designed with one of two attachment policies. One
allows a module to dual attach to either FNB-1 or FNB-2; the second allows dual
attachment to both FNB-1 and FNB-2. The 9T122-24 have one dual attachment to
the FNB backplane, connecting to either FNB-1 or FNB-2. The module can insert
into the FNB or bypass it. These flexible configuration options make the
MMAC-Plus ideal for networks designed to Bridge/Route multiple lower speed
LANs to FDDI and/or networks designed using an FDDI collapsed backbone.
i960 Core
The i960 core in the FNB module serves two major functions: it provides the
packet forwarding logic and performs all network management services. FNB
modules can be configured to run as layer 2 bridges, layer 3 routers or as
SecureFast Packet Switches. It is possible to run the bridging and routing options
concurrently, but the SFPS option cannot run with bridging and routing.
The i960 core provides the SNMP protocol stacks, as well as support for industry
standard MIBs. Additionally, Cabletron enterprise extension MIBs are supported
for each media type. Advanced management services, such as the Distributed
LAN Monitor, RMON, telnet and network address to MAC address mapping,
are also provided by the i960 core.
3-5
LANVIEW LEDs
The functions of the two System Status LEDs, System Management Bus (SMB)
Table 4-1. System Status LEDs (SMB and CPU)
LED Color
Green
State
Description
Fully operational.
Functional
Crippled
Booting
Reset
Yellow
Not fully operational (i.e., one bad port).
Blinks yellow and green while booting.
Normal power-up reset.
Yellow/Green
Red
Red (Flashing)
Off
Failed
Fatal error has occurred.
Power off
Module powered off.
Table 4-2. FNB Receive LEDs
LED Color
State
No link, Port disabled
Red
Red (Flashing)
Green
Link, Port disabled
Link, No activity, Port enabled
Activity (Flashing rate indicates rate of activity).
No activity
Yellow (Flashing)
Off
Table 4-3. FNB Transmit LEDs
LED Color
State
Port disabled
Red
Red (Flashing)
Yellow (Flashing)
Green (Flashing)
Off
Fault or Error (Flashing rate indicates rate)
Port in standby state
Activity (Flashing rate indicates rate of activity).
No activity
4-2
Table 4-4. Token Ring Receive LED
LED Color
Red
State
No link, Port disabled
Link, Port disabled
Red (Flashing)
Green
Link, No activity, Port enabled
Yellow (Flashing) Link, Activity (Flashing rate indicates rate of activity).
Off No link, No activity, Port enabled
Table 4-5. Token Ring Transmit LED
LED Color
State
Red
Port Disabled
Red (Flashing)
Green (Flashing)
Yellow (Flashing)
Off
Fault, Ring is Beaconing
Activity (Flashing rate indicates rate of activity).
Port in standby state, Link
No activity, Port enabled
Table 4-6. Port Link LEDs
LED Color
Red
State
No link, Port disabled
Link, Port disabled or Speed fault
Link, Port enabled
Red (Flashing)
Green
Off
No link, Port enabled
4-3
Chapter 5
Specifications
Safety
It is the responsibility of the person who sells the system to which the module will be a
part to ensure that the total system meets allowed limits of conducted and radiated
emissions.
!
CAUTION
This equipment meets the safety requirements of:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
UL 1950
CSA C22.2 No. 950
EN 60950
IEC 950
EMI Requirements of FCC Part 15 Class A
EN 55022 Class A
VCCI Class I
EMC requirements of:
EN 50082-1
IEC 801-2 ESD
IEC 801-3 Radiated susceptibility
IEC 801-4 EFT
Service
MTBF (MHBK-217E)
MTTR
>200,000 hrs.
<0.5 hr.
5-1
Specifications
Physical
Dimensions:
35.0 D x 44.0 H x 3.0 W centimeters
(13.8 D x 17.4 H x 1.2 W inches)
Weight:
Unit:
1.36 kg. (3lb)
1.81 kg. (4lb)
Shipping:
Electrical
CPU:
i960
Shared DRAM Memory: 4Mb (expandable to 12 Mb)
Local DRAM Memory:
Flash:
4Mb (expandable to 12 Mb)
2Mb (expandable to 14 Mb)
(2) Texas Instruments TMS380C26 Controllers
128 Kb
Token Ring Interfaces:
NVRAM:
5-2
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